The articulation basis of the English and the Russian languages

In phonetics the basis of articulation is the default position or standard settings of a speaker's organs of articulation when ready to speak.
Different languages each have their own basis of articulation, which means that native speakers will share a certain position of tongue, lips, jaw, possibly even uvula or larynx, when preparing to speak. These standard settings enable them to produce the sounds and prosody of their native language most efficiently. Different accents within a given language may have their own characteristic basis of articulation.

1. Introduction
2. Aspects of articulatory basis
3. The English articulatory basis
3.1 The main peculiarities of the English articulatory basis
3.2. Articulatory classification of consonants
3.3. Articulatory classification of vowel
4. The Russian articulatory basis
4.1 Articulatory classification of consonants
4.2. Articulatory classification of vowel
5. Differences in the articulatory bases of the English and Russian sounds.
5.1. Differences in the pronunciation of consonants
5.2 Differences in the pronunciation of vowels
5. Conclusion
6. Bibliography