Human Genetics and Hereditary Diseases

Many people are now aware that genetic information is contained in chromosomes. Scientists have learned to distinguish and differentiate segments within chromosomes. Therefore, we are able not only to distinguish each chromosome be its size and shape, but to recognize every segment within it. In diagnostics it is easy to distinguish chromosomes with additional or missing segments. This enables us to associate a hereditary disease with a specific defect in a chromosome and identify the segment responsible foe the disease. This is a breakthrough in science. It helps to understand the molecular mechanisms of hereditary diseases, distinguish the genes which determine hereditary diseases and comprehend their mechanics.