Current trends in Russin tourism

         
        The current situation in the educational sphere needs radical and immediate action for qualitative change, especially during the period of preparations for the Olympic Games in Sochi in 2014.

 

 

 

 

4. AIMS AND OBJECTIVS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

 

The value of tourism in the world is constantly growing, due to the increased influence of this sector on the economy. Tourism is a significant source of income, employment, and it contributes to the economic diversification by creating industries that serve this sector. Moreover, tourism is a significant factor in the implementation of the foreign policy. Russian nature and cultural resources give an opportunity to increase the number of tourist arrivals in the case of the appropriate level of development of tourist infrastructure.

The analysis of world tourism situation and state of Russian tourism, made above, helps to estimate the competitive advantages and disadvantages of Russia as a tourist destination among the major host markets. (Table 4)

This analysis shows the necessity of creation of conditions for sustainable tourism development in Russia.

So, the aim of Russian tourism development is: to create a modern, efficient competitive tourist market, which will provide wide opportunities for meeting and serving Russian and foreign citizens, and to increase level of employment and income.

For the achieving of the stated goal, the following objectives must be reached:

• Improvement of legal regulation in the sphere of tourism;
• Development and improvement of tourism infrastructure, including transport, catering, entertainment, etc;
• The creation of new profitable tourist destinations;
• Brand and image advertising in order to promote Russia as a tourism destination, within the international and domestic tourism markets;
• Improving the quality of tourism and related services;
• Improvement of visa policy, including the facilitation of terms of entry for foreign tourists to Russia;
• Ensuring conditions for the personal safety of tourists.

 

 

5. CONCLUSION

 

The process of the realization of the strategy has number of risks that may prevent the successful achievement of expected results. There are several types of risks:

1. Macroeconomic risks, connected with the possibility of deterioration of the internal and external environment, decreasing of the rate of economic growth and level of investment activity, high inflation, crisis in the banking system.

2. Financial risks, influenced by the budget deficit and lack of financing. Poor diversification of the Russian economy and a direct correlation of budget revenues from the fuel and energy sector prices make this risk more dangerous.

3. Technological and ecological risks. Any natural, technological or ecological disaster requires additional resources for liquidation of the consequences. Global climate changes could also significantly affect the dynamics of the tourist flow, especially in the countries with non-diversified tourist product.

4. Geopolitical risks. Political situation inside and outside of the country has a great influence on tourism sector development. Any military and terrorism actions could lead to the decreasing of tourist flow and create negative image of Russia for investors.

5. International risks. The successful tourism development is influenced by the international relations between Russia and other countries. What is more, international markets’ situation, exchange rates, degree of mutual integration between the countries and ext., is very important for tourism sector.

 

 

6. References

Machin A. The Environment As Data: Building New Theory For Tourism. -2007. Электронный ресурс. Режим доступа: http://alanmachintopics.net.

Progress and Priorities 2007/2008. World Travel & Tourism Council. Электронный ресурс. -Режим доступа: // http://www.wttc.org.

 

World Tourism Organization [UNWTO] (2011). UNWTO Tourism Highlights. Madrid: UNWTO Publications Department. doi: http://mkt.unwto.org/sites/all/files/docpdf/unwtohighlights1 
1enhr_3.pdf

World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], Taleb Rifai Despite the challenging conditions international tourism hit new records in 2011,”

World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], http://unwto.org

World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], John G.C. Kester, 2011 International Tourism Results and Prospects for, Madrid, Spain 2012, http://dtxtq4w60xqpw.cloudfront.net/sites/all/files/pdf/unwto_hq_fitur12_jk_2pp_0.pdf

Serwis Informacyjny Branży Turystycznej: http://www.tur-info.pl/

Russion National Tourist Office: http://www.visitrussia.org.uk/

Trading economics, http://www.tradingeconomics.com

Euro Monitor: http://www.euromonitor.com

United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP]: http://www.unep.org/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 1

 

Leaders of the outbound tourism (2010)

 

Country	Number of international trips (mil)	Market share (%)
Germany	163,5	10,2
Japan	141,5	8,8
USA	123,5	7,7
China	100,0	6,2
UK	96,1	6,0
France	37,6	2,3
Netherlands	35,4	2,2
Canada	331,3	2,0
Russia	30,5	1,9
Italy	29,7	1,9

 

Note. Source: Euro Monitor: http://www.euromonitor.com

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 2

 

Forecast of the inbound tourism distribution in the world

(International arrivals, (mil. people)

Regions		1985              1990                1995             2000				2010	Forecast 2020
Total		327,1	457,2	565,4	667,7	1006,4	1561,1
Africa		9,7	15,0	20,2	27,4	47,0	77,3
America (North and South)		64,3	92,8	108,9	130,2	190,4	282,3
East Asia/ Pacific		31,1	54,6	81,4	92,9	195,2	397,2
Europe		212,0	282,7	338,4	393,4	527,3	717,0
Middle East		7,5	9,0	12,4	18,3	35,9	68,5
South Asia		2,5	3,2	4,2	5,5	10,6	18,8
		World market share (%)
Total	100		100	100	100	100	100
Africa	3,0		3,3	3,6	4,1	4,7	5.0
America		19,7	20,3	19,3	19,5	18,9	18,1
East Asia/ Pacific		9,5	11,9	14,4	13,9	19,4	25,4
Europe		64,8	61,8	59,8	58,9	52,4	45,9
Middle East		2,3	2,0	2.2	2.7	3.6	4.4
South Asia		0.8	0.7	0.7	0.8	1.1	1.2
		Average annual growth (%)
		1985 -1990	1990-1995	1995-2020	1995-2000	2000-2010	2010-2020
Total		6.9	4.3	4.1	3.4	4.2	4.5
Africa		9.0	6.1	5.5	6.3	5.6	5.1
America		7.6	3.3	3.9	3.6	3.9	4.0
East Asia/Pacific		11.9	8.3	6.5	2.7	7.7	7.4
Europe		5.9	3.7	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.1
Middle East		3.7	6.6	7.1	8.1	7.0	6.7
South Asia		4.8	5.9	6.2	5.7	6.7	5.8

 

Note. Source: United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP]: http://www.unep.org/

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 3

Foreign arrivals to Russia

 

Indicator	2007	2008	2009	2010
Number of trips	22 908 625	23 676 140	23 676 140	22 281 217
Entertainment	2 213 597	2 295 074	2 295 074	133 869
Business	3 270 312	4 112 477	4 112 477	4 432 077
Specialized	15 328 121	14 216 589	14 139 698	15 211 723

 

Note. Source: Trading economics, http://www.tradingeconomics.com

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 4

Competitive advantages and disadvantages of Russia as a tourist destination for domestic and  tourism

Competitive advantages	Competitive disadvantages
Political stability	High costs for travel services (Accommodation, food, transportation, etc.)
Stability of the national  currency	Badly developed tourism infrastructure, lack of middle class hotels
Availability of rich cultural and natural resources	Expansive and undeveloped network of air and   railway transportations in the country
Availability of new, less known tourism destinations	The presence of administrative barriers and unfavorable conditions of land lease for investments into the regional tourism infrastructure
The growth of income per capita	Created negative stereotypical image of Russia, supported by foreign mass media
Unique possibilities for different kinds of specialized tourism	Lack of the public non-commercial advertisements in the leading foreign markets about tourism opportunities in Russia
__	Law level of the personal security of tourists
__	Imperfect visa policy
__	Overestimated prices in the local museums for foreign tourists
__	Bad quality of services because of lack of specialists in the tourism sector
__	BAD ROADS
__	Undeveloped system of car renting